By the 1730s, it had evolved into an even more flamboyant style, called rocaille or Rococo, which appeared in France and Central Europe until the mid to late 18th century. The style began at the start of the 17th century in Rome, then spread rapidly to France, northern Italy, Spain, and Portugal, then to Austria, southern Germany, and Russia. The Baroque style used contrast, movement, exuberant detail, deep colour, grandeur, and surprise to achieve a sense of awe. It was encouraged by the Catholic Church as a means to counter the simplicity and austerity of Protestant architecture, art, and music, though Lutheran Baroque art developed in parts of Europe as well.

It followed Renaissance art and Mannerism and preceded the Rococo (in the past often referred to as 'late Baroque') and Neoclassical styles. In the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires including the Iberian Peninsula it continued, together with new styles, until the first decade of the 19th century. The Baroque ( UK: / b ə ˈ r ɒ k/, US: / b ə ˈ r oʊ k/ French: ) is a style of architecture, music, dance, painting, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished in Europe from the early 17th century until the 1750s. Top: Venus and Adonis by Peter Paul Rubens (1635–40) Centre: The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa by Bernini (1651) Bottom: The Palace of Versailles in France ( c.1660-1715)

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